If the print below is the same on your rig, K72 (Dark Green/Orange Stripe) should have a steady voltage on it while running. Verify signal voltage is present with your test light or multimeter on K72 with the Jeep running. K20 (Dark Green) is the PCM giving that field voltage a ground when it senses it needs more juice. So, hook up the meter to the battery, and give K20 a ground with an incandescent test light (you're pretending to "be" the computer). The minute you ground it out, you should see the Multimeter that's hooked up to your battery jump in voltage. We're still jumping the field circuit, we're just jumping it to ground. Again, the second you give K20 a ground, you're giving that alternator full field. Keep it there too long and you'll fry a good alternator.
I also wonder if you may also need to do some checking of your battery temp sensor. You added a lot of heat under that hood with a turbo, and I wonder if when it gets way hotter, the temp sensor gets hot. The PCM thinks the battery is overheating, and quits charging it. Just a theory. If that's the case, you could remove the sensor and install a resistor in its place instead. Testing the alternator by giving it a ground will dictate the next steps in troubleshooting.
In your original post, you said you were dropping volts, noticed the black field wire connector was melted, and replaced the alternator. Are you 100% sure that there isn't something melted inside that plastic connector, and the original alternator you replaced was actually ok? You said you checked the wires to the PCM but I had to bring it up.
Lots for you to chew on but I wanted to get it all down cuz it's bedtime! Good Luck.