The reason for carrier breaks in some axles is this... a low ratio like 4.88 has a smaller diameter pinion gear (fewer teeth) head than a higher ratio like 3.07 does. That low ratio's smaller diameter pinion gear means the ring gear has to be positioned physically closer to the pinion gear so the ring & pinion gears can engage. That requires a carrier that positions the ring gear closer to the pinion gear.
A high ratio R&P (like 3.07) requires the ring & pinion gears be a little further apart to accommodate the larger diameter pinion gear.
A low ration R&P (like 4.88) requires the ring & pinion gears be a little closer together to accommodate the smaller diameter pinion gear.
So the difference between low and high ratio carriers (aka case) is how far apart they position the ring gear from the pinion gear.
Or if you have a high ratio carrier and are converting to lower ratio gears, you can usually find a ring & pinion gear set that has a 'thick' ring gear. That allows you to run a low ratio on a high ratio carrier.
My Rubicon Lockers are set up for a high ratio. So when I recently installed 5.38 gears I couldn't replace the carrier since my full case lockers were also the carriers... I couldn't replace them and keep the Rubicon lockers. Fortunately Revolution Gear had a 'thick' ring gear version of my 5.38 gears so I could continue using the same carrier (which is the Rubicon Locker).
That's why the label on my RGA gear box says "Dana 44 Thick 5.38". My low 5.38 ratio gear's ring gear was made thicker so it will reach the small diameter pinion gear on a high ratio carrier.
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