On the drive to PA a couple weeks ago my wife mentioned some noise and vibration from the LJ about 20 miles in. Pulled off the side of the road and looked things over and didn't notice anything obvious. Started back out and it happened again after a couple more miles. So far we have a little over 1000 miles on the Jeep with no issues and the only change is the locking hubs. Switched both hubs to locked and didn't have any other occurrences over the next 500 miles.
Got a chance to pull the hubs apart after we got home. Below is how they go together, with some parts you may or may not need as Yukon uses the same diagram across multiple applications.
The inside / driven gear is held out by the spring and then pushed in (unlocked) by the ramp on the lockout knob. The drive gear floats on the shaft between the retainer plate (3) and the spacer (8). In the install instructions yukon says if the drive gear floats more than 0.200", the hubs may not work right.
Little greasy, but here is the spacer and drive gear.
Doing some measuring, I have:
0.187" of movement in the drive gear
0.145" tooth depth on gears
0.350" throw in lockout knob
Looks like this is where they get the 0.200" spec. As long as the drive gear can't move in more than this, the throw of the knob is enough to keep the gears apart.
The other relevant measurement is when the lockout knob starts in the locked position with no pressure on it, the knob floats out 0.040" before hitting the stop and starting to push the driven gear in.
Stacking all this up it appears even with being under the 0.200" spec, there is nothing stopping the drive gear from moving in and partially (0.022") engaging the driven gear.
I'm guessing this is what my wife was experiencing. For comparison I checked the hubs on the TJ and I was less than 0.005" of float on the drive gear, which explains why I haven't seen this with those before.