As long as Battery is not physically removed, you never know what your phone is doing, and it is safe to assume that it gathers data.
I have a tip for you - if you don't want anybody to know your driving habits, or gather data about you 24/7, or prevent from some evil government tracking you, then have a small metal box inside a car. When you don't want anybody to know where you are headed, or how you drive, just put the phone there. Any metal box, like a standard military ammo box for 5.56mm, will do the job. The metal creates something called "Faraday Cage", which isolates any electromagnetic signals in and out. This means that your phone will not receive GPS signal to track your location, nor it will receive the signal from the cellular base stations (with triangulation, even w/o GPS, based on base stations only, the phone can track location with up to 100 feet precision). It also cannot send any signals out, which means that it cannot tell to base stations about his presence. This is also jams Bluetooth and wifi, so you are all set.
If you don't have a box, you can simply wrap your phone with aluminum foil, like the one that you have in the kitchen. It works exactly as metal box.
The only component that cannot be completely eliminated, is the build in accelerometer inside the phone, with can track acceleration, but it's precision inside modern iPhone or Androids is too low for any efficient tracking of your location.
I’ll be leaving Progressive when I shop insurance again next year.
